Arthritis in Cats: Signs, Causes & How to Help Your Cat Stay Comfortable

Arthritis (also called osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease) is the most common cause of chronic pain in cats, particularly as they age. Unfortunately, it often goes unnoticed because cate are very good at hiding discomfort.

In fact, studies suggest up to 90% of cats over 12 years of age have arthritis, even though many owners don't realise their cat is affected.

Recognising the subtle signs of arthritis early allows your veterinarian to provide treatment that can significantly improve your cats comfort and quality of life.

What Causes Arthritis in Cats?

Arthritis develops when the cartilage that cushions joints gradually breaks down. This leads to inflammation, pain, and reduce mobility in the affected joints.

Common causes include:

• Obesity, as fat cells constantly release cells that cause chronic inflammation
• Age-related wear and tear
• Previous injuries or trauma
• Joint abnormalities or developmental problems
• Acute inflammation within the joint that can turn chronic

Over time, these changes can cause stiffness, reduced mobility, and chronic discomfort.

Signs of Arthritis in Cats

Unlike dogs, cats rarely show obvious limping when they develop arthritis. instead, the signs are often subtle behavioural changes that owners may mistake for normal ageing.

Signs to watch for include:

• Reluctant or hesitation to jump up
• Jumping to lower surfaces instead of higher ones
• Sleeping more than ususal
• Reduced activity or playfulness
• Difficulty climbing stairs
• Less grooming, leading to a scruffy coat
• Changes in temperament (becoming grumpy or withdrawn)
• Difficulty using the litter tray

If you notice these changes, it's worth discussing with your veterinarian.

How Arthritis Is Diagnosed

Diagnosing arthritis in cats often involves:

• A detailed medical history
• A physical examination by a veterinarian
• Assessing mobility and pain response
• X-rays to evaluate joint changes

Because many cats hide their pain well, your observations at home are extremely helpful in identifying potential problems.

Treatment Options for Arthritis in Cats

While arthritis cannot be cured, there are numerous options available to manage pain and improve their quality of life.

Treatments may include:

• Personalised nutritional plan
  • Veterinarians can develop an individual plan for your cat, tailored to their specific needs - such as weight management, arthritis supportive diets, and any other concurrent conditions they may have
    • Dr April's tip is to add more water to their wet food to help with satiety which in turn helps with weight loss (bonus is the benefit for the kidneys and urinary health as well!)
• Pain-relief mediations
  • Our veterinarians can give numerous pain-relief options for the treatment of arthritis in your cat
• Joint support supplements
  • These may help support cartilage health and joint function
    • Some include: 4cyte, Antinol Plus, and Paws Joint Support for cats
• Environmental changes
  • Small changes at home can make a big difference, such as:
    • Providing steps or ramps to favourite sleeping spots
    • Using low-entry litter trays
    • Placing food, water, and bedding in easily accessible areas (try raising the water & food bowl)
    • Providing soft, supportive bedding

Your cat will experience a noticeable improvement in comfort once the appropriate treatment begins.

Arthritis Is Often Mistaken for "Old Age"

Many behaviours that owners attribute to ageing - such as sleeping more or avoiding jumping - are often signs of underlying pain.

If your older cat is becoming less active or seems stiff, arthritis may be the cause.

When to book a Check-Up

You should contact your veterinarian if your cat:

• Stops jumping onto furniture or hesitates prior to jumping up
• Becomes less active or playful
• Shows changes in grooming or behaviour
• Seems stiff after resting
• Has difficulty getting in or out of the litter tray, or urinating outside the litter tray

Early diagnosis allows treatment to start sooner and can greatly improve your cat's quality of life.

Helping Your cat Stay Comfortable

With proper management, many cats with arthritis continue to live happy, active lives for many years. Regular veterinary check-ups, appropriate pain management, and simple home adjustments can make a significant difference.

If you think your cat may be showing signs or arthritis, the tam at Vet Cross is here to help.