Ear Infections in Dogs - Signs, Causes & How to Help Your Pet

Ear infections are one of the most common health issues we see in dogs at Vet Cross. The can be uncomfortable and irritating for your pet, but with the right care and early attention, most ear infections can be treated successfully.

In this guide, we explain what an ear infection is, what symptoms to watch for, what causes them, and how you can help your dog stay comfortable. We'll also be adding a staff video soon showing you step-by-step how to clean your dog's ears safely at home.

What Is a Dog Ear Infection?

Dogs have a different ear shape than humans - long ear canals and, for some breeds, floppy ears. These features can trap moisture and debris, creating an environment where bacteria and yeast can grow.

An ear infection (otitis externa) occurs when the ear canal becomes inflamed and infected due to bacteria, yeast, allergies, mites, or other causes.

Signs Your Dog Might Have an Ear Infection

You may notice one or more of the following:

• Frequent scratching at the ears
• Head shaking or tilting
• Red, swollen ear canals
• Foul smell from the ears
• Discharge (yellow, brown, or black)
• Pain when the ear is touched
• Changes in behaviour or reduced activity

These are common signs pet owners notice before an appointment, so never hesitate to get them checked.

Common Causes of ear Infections

Ear infections can be triggered by several factors, including:

Allergies
Food sensitivities and environmental allergies (pollen, dust mites) are a major contributor. Allergic dogs often have chronic ear issues.

Moisture & Swimming
Moisture left in the ear after baths or swimming can encourage bacteria and yeast to grow.

Ear mites
Tiny parasites than can cause intense irritation - these are more common in puppies.

Foreign Bodies
Grass seeds, plant debris, or other objects lodged in the ear canal can trigger infections

Hair or Ear Shape
Dogs with hairy ear canals or long, floppy ears (e.g. Cocker Spaniels, Labradors) are more prone to infections.

Diagnosis - What to Expect at Vet Cross

When you bring your dog in with concerns about their ears, your vet will:

• Examine the ear with an otoscope
• Looks for signs of inflammation, discharge, or foreign bodies
• Take a sample of the ear discharge if needed
• Check for mites, yeast, or bacterial infection

Accurate diagnosis helps us choose the best treatment.

How Are Ear Infections Treated?

Treatment depends on the cause but may include:

• Ear cleaning to remove debris and discharge
• Prescription ear drops (antibiotics and antifungals)
• Anti-inflammatory medications to relieve pain
• Allergy management if allergy is part of the issue

Most dogs feel much better within a few days once appropriate treatment begins.

Can I Clean My Dog's Ears at Home?

Proper ear cleaning is one of the best ways to help prevent recurring infections - but it must be done gently and correctly.

We're preparing a video with our team showing how to clean your dog's ears safely at home.
Until then, here are a few important tips:

• Use only veterinarian-approved ear cleaners
• Never insert cotton buds deep into the ear canal
• Be gentle - rough cleaning can cause discomfort
• Start slow and keep your dog relaxed

Once the video is live, we'll embed it here for step-by-step guidance.

Tips to Prevent Ear Infections

Taking a few simple steps can reduce the chance of repeat infections:

• Dry ears thoroughly after swimming or baths
• Check ears regularly for smell or discharge
• Clean ears only when recommended by your vet
• Address underlying allergies or skin issues with your vet's assistance

When to See Your Vet

If your dog is showing signs of ear discomfort, don't wait. Left untreated, ear infections can lead to:

• Chronic inflammation
• Pain and never damage
• Middle ear infection
• Ruptured ear drum
• Hearing loss

Early treatment leads to better outcomes and less discomfort for your pet.

Call Vet Cross today if your dog is scratching, shaking their head, or has unusual ear discharge - we're here to help.